tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-73414676591932483402024-02-20T19:02:04.221-08:00ericsDESMA9Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.comBlogger12125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-25038063076333519152016-07-25T14:01:00.001-07:002016-07-25T14:03:32.811-07:00Event 3: The Griffith Observatory<div class="MsoNormal">
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complete contrast to the Getty Center, the Griffith Observatory focused mainly
on space science and physics rather than art. Even though this museum did not
possess any traditional artworks, it did emphasize the natural beauty found
within the universe and the technology capable of seeing these wonders.<o:p></o:p></div>
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A photograph showing me next to a model of a telescope at the observatory. </div>
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To begin
with, there were several images of the sun and electromagnetic waves that were
spectacular to look at in the museum. Against one wall, there was a huge array
of pictures showing the range of the electromagnetic spectrum. The museum did
an impressive job with the display by placing a starry backdrop behind each of
the different waves of light. This display took an idea that can be found in any
physics textbook and shaped it into a work of art. Similarly, there was a small
gallery dedicated to sunspots. Images and videos lined the walls, creating
another beautiful spectacle. In particular, there was one shot that created a
mosaic of the ultraviolet waves found on the sun’s surface. The mix of
different hues provided a new and stunning perspective of the sun. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The left picture shows the display with the electromagnetic waves, while the right picture is the mosaic image of the sun<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[1]</span>.</div>
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Of
course, being at the observatory meant that I had to go to one of the planetarium
shows. The show was called <i>Centered in
the Universe</i>, and it was amazing to see all of the stars and planets
without any clouds or pollution blocking the view. The show even mentioned
Galileo and Copernicus as having a major influence on modern astronomy, which
was similar to what we learned in lecture<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[1]</span>. The great part about this show was
how it was able to seamlessly transport everyone to a world beyond our own.<br />
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The planetarium did not allow any photos so I took one of my ticket and another of a sign advertising the show.</div>
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Out of
all of the displays, the best one that served to bridge the gap between art and
science had to be the camera obscura. In a dark room, the image of the area
surrounding the Griffith was projected on to a round table. Apparently, these
types of devices were used by astronomers to observe the sun and by artists to
trace images. The dual nature of this instrument provided a link to both the
art and science communities even though it was used for different purposes. When
I saw this apparatus at work, it made me realize how much these two disciplines
could gain by collaborating together. <o:p></o:p></div>
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A photograph of the camera obscura overlooking Los Angeles.</div>
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This was
my first time at the Griffith Observatory, and the place did not disappoint. The
museum was smaller than expected, but it managed to cram so much beauty and
technology into that single building. More importantly, though, it reinforced
many of the concepts from the space lectures by being able to see close-up
images and videos of the universe. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Sources:<br />
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1. Vesna, Victoria. "Space Exploration and Art: Part
1." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram, 29 July 2013. Web. 25 July 2016.
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ZIqTR332l8>.<br />
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Photographs:<br />
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1. TRACE / Stanford Lockheed Institute for Space Research /
NASA Small Explorer Program. <i>Image of the
Corona</i>. N.d. Griffith Observatory, Los Angeles.<br />
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Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-57940236363032454552016-07-23T23:10:00.000-07:002016-07-24T12:06:42.716-07:00Event 2: The Getty Center<div class="MsoNormal">
While my experience at the Getty Center was enjoyable, the exhibits that I saw did not reflect much science and technology. Primarily, the museum seemed to lean more towards traditional art, sculpture, and photography. Nevertheless, there were a few aspects about the Getty worth mentioning that combined art and science to a certain degree.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS5boizHCFPTZB_MK1S5ysobZ1gnF7BVCVoNV0o_nC-iNoSP_ZRnP8kbpQL3KpwhI79Hkn6YSlS98h50GbfClB61OWYFrN88iLXWZNzm5EbzLyXUcosAj8kyeXpEgSRgWEjguyL5HkXteT/s1600/IMG_1076.JPG" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS5boizHCFPTZB_MK1S5ysobZ1gnF7BVCVoNV0o_nC-iNoSP_ZRnP8kbpQL3KpwhI79Hkn6YSlS98h50GbfClB61OWYFrN88iLXWZNzm5EbzLyXUcosAj8kyeXpEgSRgWEjguyL5HkXteT/s320/IMG_1076.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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A picture showing the arrival of the tram at the Getty.</div>
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Surprisingly, the most technological parts about the Getty were not inside the exhibits themselves. Upon arrival, the tram created an illusion that there was going to be some sort of technology integrated within the museum. Even though it was not technically art, the tram did provide a nice introduction to the museum along with a nice view of the surrounding area. At the tram’s arrival plaza, there was a sculpture known as Martin Puryear’s <i>That Profile</i> (1999). Although it was standing right in plain sight, it could be easily overlooked since it was not part of a specific exhibit. The wired metal structure reminded me of the tensegrity ones described in the readings<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[1]</span>. It did not possess the same symmetry, but it seemed to be engineered in a way that played with the ideas of tension and compression.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw8bg94KiQGGJsZWfjFjttHPGKH6DzYFPWMm41aLZsEXSofvGXlVi9rNucjIy9L3aTHrip6vP7-B4dMsNu6z0Tu_wLnQJ6QC58G_99HzLFS-a0qYqzS19CbOdVkqkg9IEWIpPZXTw4oZiU/s1600/IMG_1074.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw8bg94KiQGGJsZWfjFjttHPGKH6DzYFPWMm41aLZsEXSofvGXlVi9rNucjIy9L3aTHrip6vP7-B4dMsNu6z0Tu_wLnQJ6QC58G_99HzLFS-a0qYqzS19CbOdVkqkg9IEWIpPZXTw4oZiU/s320/IMG_1074.JPG" width="240" /></a></div>
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This structure is <i>That Profile </i>made by Martin Puryear in 1999<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[1]</span>.</div>
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A majority of the exhibits, though, showcased older European art. Despite the fact that these pieces did not focus on neither science nor technology, they did show concepts related to mathematics. Most notably, Gerrit van Honthorst had a strong sense of perspective in his ceiling painting <i>A Musical Group on the Balcony</i> (1622). To see it, my group and I had to crane our necks backwards to see a number of faces returning our gazes. Personally, I thought that this was an interesting take on the use of perspective. Instead of doing a general landscape, the artist used a vanishing point directed up towards the sky. By doing so, his painting left a lasting impression in my mind.<o:p></o:p><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj63SGCQiLFvebFgObqWl_56rHFIcnbuqsGht7V9NLJ8La3dSfwAFXiGUxvelnb-SCN7Cyz6txGg4MzW8BEWuoEAuVuK4ETf0oHPA-zvE1q9jOtSZggrFdgBv5Oqu8uw5a7Z7iBrqCGVAVn/s1600/IMG_1058.JPG" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj63SGCQiLFvebFgObqWl_56rHFIcnbuqsGht7V9NLJ8La3dSfwAFXiGUxvelnb-SCN7Cyz6txGg4MzW8BEWuoEAuVuK4ETf0oHPA-zvE1q9jOtSZggrFdgBv5Oqu8uw5a7Z7iBrqCGVAVn/s320/IMG_1058.JPG" width="240" /></a></div>
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<span style="text-align: start;">A photo of </span>Gerrit van Honthorst's<span style="text-align: start;"> </span><i style="text-align: start;">A Musical Group on the Balcony</i><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[2]</span><span style="text-align: start;">.</span></div>
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Unfortunately, the one exhibit that did have the most relevance to this class restricted the use of videos and photographs. The exhibit was called <i>Electric</i>, and it displayed a number of photographs dealing with electronics. <i>The Study on How Men Walk, Man Wired with Lights, Walter Reed Hospital, Washington, D.C.</i> (1946) by Gjon Mili seemed to touch upon the idea of cyborgs<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[2]</span>. The frame-by-frame shots of the legs can even lend itself well in creating better electronic prosthetics and humanoid robots. On the other hand, Kunie Sugiura’s <i>After Electric Dress A Positive 4</i> brilliantly showed the beauty of wearable electronics. The lights on the dress created a dazzling display against the black silhouette. Finally, Naoya Hatakeyama utilized the most technology in his work <i>Maquettes/Light #5806 </i>by placing a light box behind his portrait. This effect made these standard photos literally shine, which contributed to the realism of the piece. Altogether, this exhibit was the highlight of my visit with its deeper connection to art and technology (as well as my major).<br />
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<img alt="No description of this image is available." src="http://www.getty.edu/museum/media/images/web/thumbnail/31859601.jpg" height="250" width="320" /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiu07h-QJIplDGbuOWQFo8bq4el3CfsX_U1S8umI1zRv09lUQNl4Lgcrl3rFMPyOlnxnF_jSO4TVEvKH82v7nNZSsDD6d31nZEVDj_KhTipfTPz8oBJyGAl4NrZUeLbK5bhAklA-H5rYJOF/s1600/IMG_1072.JPG" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiu07h-QJIplDGbuOWQFo8bq4el3CfsX_U1S8umI1zRv09lUQNl4Lgcrl3rFMPyOlnxnF_jSO4TVEvKH82v7nNZSsDD6d31nZEVDj_KhTipfTPz8oBJyGAl4NrZUeLbK5bhAklA-H5rYJOF/s320/IMG_1072.JPG" width="188" /></a><br />
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<img src="http://www.takaishiigallery.com/en/wp-content/uploads/d04.jpg" height="320" width="213" /> <img src="http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibitions/focus_electric/images/1_gm_35300001_x1024_testborder.jpg" height="320" width="250" /><br />
The pictures of Mili's <i style="text-align: start;">The Study on How Men Walk, Man Wired with Lights, Walter Reed Hospital, Washington, D.C.</i><span style="text-align: start;"> (upper left)</span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[3]</span><span style="text-align: start;">, </span><span style="text-align: start;">Hatakeyama's </span><i style="text-align: start;">Maquettes/Light #5806</i><span style="text-align: start;"> (lower left)</span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[4]</span><span style="text-align: start;">, and </span><span style="text-align: start;">Sugiura’s </span><i style="text-align: start;">After Electric Dress A Positive 4</i><span style="text-align: start;"> (lower right)</span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[5]</span><span style="text-align: start;"> are all taken from the internet. My proof of attendance next to the poster of the exhibit at the Getty is also shown (upper right).</span><br />
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For the
purpose of this class, there seemed to be less of a focus on the union between
art and science at the Getty Center compared to other places like LACMA. This
did not result in a bad experience, though. As a matter of fact, I quite liked
the Getty’s aesthetic atmosphere, and I was still able to make several insights about the artworks. <o:p></o:p><br />
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Sources:<br />
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1. Ingber, Donald E. "The Architecture of Life."
<i>Scientific American </i>Jan. 1998: 48-57. Print.<br />
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2. Vesna, Victoria. "Robotics: Part 2." <i>YouTube</i>.
uconlineprogram, 15 Apr. 2012. Web. 23 July 2016.
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAZ8bo9T_Pk>.<br />
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Artworks:<br />
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1. Puryear, Martin. <i style="text-align: center;">That Profile</i><span style="text-align: center;">. 1999. </span>The Getty Center, Los Angeles.<br />
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2. Van Honthorst, Gerrit. <i>A Musical Group on the Balcony</i>. 1622.
The Getty Center, Los Angeles.<br />
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3. Mili, Gjon. <i>The Study
on How Men Walk, Man Wired with Lights, Walter Reed Hospital, Washington, D.C. </i>1946.
The Getty Center, Los Angeles. <i>The J.
Paul Getty Museum</i>. J. Paul Getty Trust. Web. 23 July 2016. <http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/objects/248277/gjon-mili-study-on-how-men-walk-man-wired-with-lights-walter-reed-hospital-washington-dc-american-1946/>.<br />
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4. Hatakeyama, Naoya. <i>Maquettes/Light #5806.</i><i> </i>1995. The Getty Center, Los Angeles. <i>Taka Ishii Gallery</i>. Taka Ishii Gallery. Web. 23 July 2016. <http://www.takaishiigallery.com/en/archives/1355/>.<br />
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5. Hatakeyama, Naoya. <i>After Electric Dress A Positive 4</i><i>.</i><i> </i>2002. The Getty Center, Los Angeles. <i>The J. Paul Getty Museum</i>. J. Paul Getty Trust. Web. 23 July 2016. <http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibitions/focus_electric/>.<br />
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Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-22039431416093988162016-07-22T22:58:00.002-07:002016-07-22T23:00:02.064-07:00Week 5: Space + Art<div class="MsoNormal">
Whereas
nanotechnology is too small to be seen, space is much too vast to be perceived entirely.
To put it into perspective, astronomer Carl Sagan has mentioned that “our
planet is a lonely speck in the great enveloping cosmic dark,”<sup>[1]</sup>. High-rise
buildings and egos may be massive on Earth, but they are nothing in comparison to
the ever-increasing boundaries of the universe. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Carl Sagan's analysis in his book <i>A Pale Blue Dot</i> shows how Earth is small in relation to the universe<sup><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">[1]</span></sup><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">.</span></div>
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Due to
the sheer size of space, it has been a huge domain for artists and scientists
to explore. The Hubble Space Telescope is one innovation that has brought
distant galaxies to our doorsteps. Created
in 1990, this telescope has revealed many mysteries about the universe (age of
the universe, discovery of dark energy, etc.) to scientists<sup>[2]</sup>, but
at the same time, it does so in an artistic way. Many of the images taken from
the Hubble are surprisingly colorful against the black background of space. Moreover,
they showcase the mystical beauty found within nature in the way that the interstellar
clouds produce ghostly projections surrounded by bright lights. The Hubble’s
work is not even done yet as it still continues to take pictures of distant
galaxies to this very day<sup>[3]</sup>. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/H5MwOCgzQ6M" width="560"></iframe>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
A video of a 3D image taken from the Hubble Telescope<sup><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">[2]</span></sup><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
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When
scientists and artists are not looking at the sky for answers, they are writing
and drawing their ideas about how mankind can further explore space. Science
fiction has hugely popularized space exploration in shows such as <i>Star Trek</i> and movies like <i>Star Wars</i>. Books have also played an
important role by inspiring many scientist to make these dreams into reality.
For instance, Arthur C. Clarke’s <i>The
Fountain of Paradise</i> (1976) mentions the idea of a space elevator from
Earth to the moon. This idea has inspired David Smitherman to start plans for
this project in real life using nanotubes and robot climbers<sup>[4]</sup>. From
these examples, it is possible to see the interconnection between art and
science. Art is helping scientists to imagine the possibilities, while science is
giving artists new insights to work with. Possibly, since space is so large,
there is enough room for artists and scientists to collaborate together. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="http://www.universetoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/spaceelevator.jpg" height="193" width="320" /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
Conceptual art for what a space elevator might look like<sup><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">[3]</span></sup><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">.</span></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
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Even
though space can be looked at through a telescope or described in a novel, it
still has ways to go before it can be reached by the general public. An
astronaut alone needs either three years of professional experience or one thousand hours of piloting. This does not even include the other conditions,
which include 20/20 vision and a blood pressure less than 140/90 in sitting
position<sup>[5]</sup>. These requirements are strict because there have
already been several casualties in space travel such as the Space Challenger
disaster in 1986 and the Columbia incident in 2003<sup>[6]</sup>. These
tragedies overall paint a grim picture of being trapped inside space shuttle, isolated from the rest of the world. One day, space travel might be safe enough for
everyone, but until then, exploration needs to be left for satellites and
dreams. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<img height="167" src="https://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/space-shuttle-challenger-disaster-30-anniversary-facebook.jpg?quality=75&strip=color&w=1200&h=628&crop=1" width="320" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The tragedy of the Space Challenger continues to remind people about the dangers in space travel<sup><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">[4]</span></sup><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">.</span></div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
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In the
end, Carl Sagan is right in saying that the universe is huge. However, with some
technology and a little imagination, the vastness of space can be
comprehended and observed by human beings. <o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Sources:<br />
<br />
1. Sagan, Carl. "Pale Blue Dot Quotes." <i>Goodreads</i>.
Goodreads Inc., n.d. Web. 22 July 2016. <https://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/1816628-pale-blue-dot-a-vision-of-the-human-future-in-space>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
2. "Hubble Essentials." <i>Hubble Site</i>. <i>Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)</i>, n.d. Web. 22 July 2016. <http://hubblesite.org/about_us/>.<br />
<br />
3. Jäger, Mathias. "Space... The Final Frontier."
<i>Hubble Space Telescope</i>. ESA, 21 July 2016. Web. 22 July 2016. <http://www.spacetelescope.org/news/heic1615/>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
4. Vesna, Victoria. "Space Exploration and Art: Part 1." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram, 29 July 2013. Web. 22 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ZIqTR332l8>.<br />
<br />
5. Howell, Elizabeth. "How To Become An Astronaut."
Space.com. Purch, 7 May 2014. Web. 22 July 2016. <http://www.space.com/25786-how-to-become-an-astronaut.html>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
6. Vesna, Victoria. "Space Exploration and Art: Part 4." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram,
30 May 2012. Web. 22 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAZ8bo9T_Pk>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<br />
Images/Videos:<br />
<br />
1. <i>Pale Blue Dot</i>. N.d. Pale Blue Dot. Pale Blue Dot. Web. 22
July 2016. <http://palebluedotltd.com/about/>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
2. <i>Flight to Star Cluster Westerlund 2</i>. <i>YouTube</i>.
Hubble Space Telescope, 23 Apr. 2015. Web. 22 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5MwOCgzQ6M>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
3. Cain, Fraser. <i>What Is a Space Elevator?</i> Digital image.
<i>Universe Today</i>. Fraser Cain, 23 Dec. 2015. Web. 22 July 2016. <http://www.universetoday.com/105441/what-is-a-space-elevator/>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
4. <i>Challenger: The Science of a Space Shuttle Disaster</i>. N.d.
<i>Time</i>. Time Inc., 28 Jan. 2016. Web. 22 July 2016. <http://time.com/4196145/space-shuttle-challenger-disaster-science/>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br /></div>
Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-85403502248191369362016-07-21T21:51:00.001-07:002016-07-21T21:54:18.519-07:00Week 5: NanoTech + Art<div class="MsoNormal">
Most of
the time, the sciences and arts are categorized as visual experiences.
Scientists need to see proof from their experiments, whereas artists have to
interpret artworks and performances visually. However, this week’s lectures
have shown that nanotechnology is changing this perception by introducing a new
medium that cannot be seen with the naked eye. <o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/images/icp/O615894E37594U80/us__en_us__ibm100__scanning_tunnel__microscope__400x269.jpg" height="200" width="298" /> <img height="200" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/ScanningTunnelingMicroscope_schematic.png" width="244" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
A scanning tunneling microscope such as the one pictured gives people a look into the nanoscopic universe<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[1]</span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[2]</span>.</div>
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Although
the idea of nanotechnology may have been thought of by Richard Feyman in 1959<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[1]</span>,
the real geniuses who brought this small world into reality are Gerd Binnig and
Heinrich Rohrer. Their scanning tunneling microscope (STM) uses touch rather
than sight in order to detect atomic structures<sup>[2]</sup>. In many ways,
this duo can be credited for the revolution of nanotechnology. With this
microscope alone, a new world opened up for scientists and artists alike. As
Vesna and Gimzewski perfectly describe it, the STM is a “paradigm shift from seeing<span class="msodel0"><s><span style="color: red; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span class="msoDel"><del cite="mailto:Victoria%20Vesna" datetime="2003-03-19T09:14">,</del></span></span></s></span><span class="apple-converted-space"> in the sense of viewing, to
tactile sensing<span class="apple-converted-space">”<sup>[3]</sup>.</span></span><br />
<span class="apple-converted-space"><span class="apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
When
hearing about the STM in lecture, I instantly remembered a movie called <i>A Boy and His Atom: The World’s Smallest
Movie</i> that my electrical engineering professor showed me last year. Before
this time, I did not even realize that the experience of “seeing” atoms was
possible. In this movie, though, real atoms are moved around using a STM to
create fluid images of a boy doing various activities<sup>[4]</sup>. Even
though the images are childish at best, the fact that art is being made out of
atoms is truly remarkable. It is even more astounding when one realizes that
these atoms are not being seen in the typical sense. This brings the experience
to whole another level, giving an illusion that atoms can be easily manipulated
by human beings. Similar to the boy in the movie being able to do just about
anything, the real message from this movie is showing that there are endless
possibilities when it comes to nanotechnology. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/oSCX78-8-q0" width="560"></iframe>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
A team at IBM made this short video with atoms<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[3]</span>.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
Innovation
with nanotechnology does not just stop with art. It can also be used in the
field of medicine. From quantum dots that locate diseases to nanotubes that
kill tumors<sup>[5][6]</sup>, nanotechnology is a driving force behind better
treatments for patients. However, like all nanotechnology, it cannot be seen in
a physical sense. This might be actually more beneficial since it makes these
type of instruments less intrusive. Rather than having a hulking machine harm
the body, nanotechnologies can seamlessly blend in with the body’s natural
composition of cells and proteins. This natural change associated with
nanotechnology can be the key to curing all sorts of difficult diseases like cancer. <o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img height="240" src="https://jamesjmurray.files.wordpress.com/2015/01/personalized-medicine-applications-of-nanotechnology-omninano-002.jpg" width="320" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
A digital image showing how nanotechnology can be used to treat diseases<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[4]</span>.</div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
In
summary, the arrival of the STM in nanotechnology made it possible for new advancements
in the arts and medicine. Despite the fact that these innovations may never be
physically looked at, their impact can still resonate within a person’s body
and mind. Sometimes, the true beauty of art and science lies in what is unseen
rather than what is seen. <o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Sources:<br />
<br />
1. Gimzewski, James K. "Introduction to Nanotechnology for
Artists: Part 1." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram, 21 May 2012. Web. 20 July
2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q7jM6-iqzzE>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
2. Gimzewski, James K. "Introduction to Nanotechnology for Artists: Part 2." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram, 21 May 2012. Web. 20 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEp6t0v-v9c>.<br />
<br />
3. Gimzewski, Jim, and Victoria Vesna. "The Nanomeme
Syndrome: Blurring of Fact & Fiction in the Construction of a New
Science." <i>Victoria Vesna</i>. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 July 2016. <http://vv.arts.ucla.edu/publications/publications/02-03/JV_nano/JV_nano_artF5VG.htm>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
4. <i>A Boy And His Atom: The World's Smallest Movie</i>. <i>YouTube</i>. IBM, 30 Apr. 2013. Web. 20 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oSCX78-8-q0>.<br />
<br />
5. Gimzewski, James K. "Introduction to Nanotechnology for Artists: Part 4." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram, 21 May 2012. Web. 20 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHCuZetAIhk>.<br />
<br />
6. "Nanotechnology in Medicine - Nanomedicine."
<i>Understandingnano.com</i>. Hawk's Perch Technical Writing LLC, n.d. Web. 20 July
2016.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<br />
Images/Videos:<br />
<br />
1. UTA NanoFab. <i>The Scanning Tunneling Microscope</i>. N.d. <i>IBM
100</i>. IBM. Web. 21 July 2016. <http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/microscope/>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
2. <i>Schematic View of an STM</i>. Digital image. <i>Wikipedia</i>.
Wikimedia Foundation Inc., n.d. Web. 21 July 2016. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_tunneling_microscope>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
3. <i>A Boy And His Atom: The World's Smallest Movie</i>. <i>YouTube</i>.
IBM, 30 Apr. 2013. Web. 21 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oSCX78-8-q0>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
4. Murray, James J. <i>Nanoparticles to Cure - And to Kill!</i> Digital
image. <i>Prescription for Murder</i>. N.p., 28 Jan. 2015. Web. 21 July 2016. <https://jamesjmurray.wordpress.com/2015/01/28/nanoparticles-to-cure-and-to-kill/>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-48156179006503706472016-07-16T18:18:00.002-07:002016-07-16T18:34:53.536-07:00Week 4: Neuroscience + Art<div class="MsoNormal">
The
brain is associated with everything related to art and science. Looking back at
previous topics, it is really the brain that creates unconscious stereotypes of
others or acts as the model for artificial intelligence. Unlocking the many
mysteries of the brain pushes the realm of art and science beyond one's wildest
dreams.<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Salvador Dali, Park West Gallery" src="http://parkwestgallery.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/dali-bee-sting.jpg" height="320" width="252" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Salvador Dali's <i>Dream Caused by the Flight of a Bee around a Pomegranate a Second Before Awakening</i> (1944) is one of many works that has ties to Freudian theory<sup><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">[1]</span></sup><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Speaking
of dreams, the influence of Freud’s psychoanalysis does play a pivotal role in the
study of the mind in art and culture. His methods are archaic by today’s standards. Jung is even right to say that Freud
focused too much on sexuality with ideas such as the Oedipus complex<sup>[1][2]</sup>.
However, Freud is the one who really popularized the dream and the mind in society.
He has brought many scientists to look inward instead of outward, and he has inspired
the works for many Surrealist artists such as Salvador Dali<sup>[3]</sup>. Even
nowadays, his presence can be found in the critically acclaimed movie <i>Inception</i> by Christopher Nolan. This movie largely plays around with the ideas of unconscious desires and symbolism
in dreams. Despite his influence, Freud's ideas of dreams are merely interpretations of thoughts, which do not
say much about the brain itself. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<o:p><img src="http://taylorholmes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/inception-explained.jpg" height="179" width="320" /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<o:p>The movie <i>Inception</i> was hugely based on Freudian ideas about the unconscious</o:p><sup style="text-align: start;">[2]</sup><span style="text-align: start;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
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Instead
of dreams, there are some who believe that certain drugs are the key to liberating
the mind. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) created by Albert Hofmann is a
popular choice for its hallucinogenic effects<sup>[4]</sup>. Based on a 1950’s government
experiment, one artist known as whatafinethrowaway took 0.2 milligrams of LSD
to create beautiful, yet haunting self-portraits<sup>[5]</sup>. These
results show how the drug can breed a new type of creativity in a person by
altering the mind. While this might be considered a positive for the drug’s
use, it is overall highly dangerous from the government level to the public one.
The government’s MK Ultra Project attempted to experiment with mind control using
LSD, which resulted in many suicides<sup>[4]</sup>. On the other
hand, the 2012 horror of Rudy Eugene eating off another man’s face was also
caused by LSD ingestion<sup>[6]</sup>. As these instances show, drugs like LSD
are not the ideal ways to discover more about the brain due to their serious
consequences. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/76yemnRduCA" width="420"></iframe>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
A video of the women's self-portraits after taking LSD<sup style="text-align: start;">[3]</sup><span style="text-align: start;">.</span> </div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
If
dreams and drugs are not the answers to unlocking the secrets of the brain,
what is? The answer really lies in neuroscience. Neuroscience is leading the
charge to create new mind-blowing projects for artists and scientist alike. A
great example can be found in Brainbow, a project in which neurons are colored
with various fluorescent proteins<sup>[7]</sup>. The images look breathtaking,
and they are colorful forms of artistry. At the same time, they show the many
inner-workings of the brain that cannot be seen through dreams or LSD. In the
end, it is truly neuroscience that has the ability to benefit both art and science. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="http://cbs.fas.harvard.edu/usr/connectome/brainbow/hippoc-cortex_less-red_final.jpg" height="320" width="227" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
A picture of the hippocampus and cortex using Brainbow technology<sup>[4]</sup>. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Sources:</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
1. Vesna, Victoria. "Neuroscience and Art Part 2: Unconscious Mind/Dreams." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram, 17 May 2012. Web. 15 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFv4owX3MZo>.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
2. Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Oedipus
Complex." Encyclopædia Britannica. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.</i>, n.d. Web.
16 July 2016. <https://www.britannica.com/topic/Oedipus-complex>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
3. "Freud’s Influence on Dali’s Surreal “Dream”
Painting." Park West Gallery. Park West Gallery, n.d. Web. 16 July 2016. <https://www.parkwestgallery.com/freuds-influence-on-dalis-surreal-dream-painting/8948>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
4. Vesna, Victoria. "Neuroscience and Art Part 3: NeuroChemicals." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram, 16 May 2012. Web. 15 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E5EX75xoBJ0>.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
5. James, Emily. "Art on Acid: Illustrator Takes LSD
before Spending NINE HOURS Drawing a Series of Increasingly-abstract
Self-portraits to Demonstrate the Drug's Effect on Her Brain."
<i>DailyMail.com</i>. Associated Newspapers Ltd, 1 Sept. 2015. Web. 16 July 2016. <http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-3217307/Art-acid-Illustrator-takes-LSD-spending-NINE-HOURS-drawing-series-increasingly-abstract-self-portraits-demonstrate-drug-s-effect-brain.html>.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
6. Show, Cristine, and Louise Boyle. "First Picture: The
Naked Man Who Ate the Face off Victim in Horror Attack While High on LSD before
Being Shot Dead by Police."<i> DailyMail.com</i>. Associated Newspapers Ltd, 28
May 2012. Web. 16 July 2016. <http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2151098/Rudy-Eugene-Naked-man-eats-face-victim-high-LSD-police-shoot-Miami.html>.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
7. Vesna, Victoria. "Neuroscience and Art Part 1: Consciousness/Memory." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram,
17 May 2012. Web. 15 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TzXjNbKDkYI>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Images/Videos:</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
1. Dali, Salvador. <i>Dream Caused by the Flight of a Bee around a
Pomegranate a Second Before Awakening</i>. 1944. Park West Gallery,
Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid. <i>Park West Gallery</i>. Park West Gallery. Web.
16 July 2016. <https://www.parkwestgallery.com/freuds-influence-on-dalis-surreal-dream-painting/8948>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
2. <i>7 Layers of Inception</i>. Digital image.<i> THiNC</i>.
THiNC, 10 July 2010. Web. 16 July 2016. <http://taylorholmes.com/2010/07/20/7-layers-of-inception/>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
3. <i>A Woman's Self Portrait before and after LSD</i>. Perf.
Whatafinethrowaway. <i>YouTube</i>. Troplr, 12 Aug. 2015. Web. 16 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76yemnRduCA>.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
4. Lichtman, Jeff. <i>Hippocampus and Cortex</i>. 2007. <i>Center for
Brain Science</i>. Center for Brain Science at Harvard University. Web. 16 July
2016. <http://cbs.fas.harvard.edu/science/connectome-project/brainbow#>.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-14545162831149189032016-07-13T21:47:00.002-07:002016-07-16T18:21:03.361-07:00Week 4: BioTech + Art<div class="MsoNormal">
Based on
the lectures, there seems to be a large amount of controversy associated with bioart. In particular, genetic engineering poses a huge dilemma on whether
tampering with life’s code is being taken too far.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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When
looking at an artist such as Eduardo Kac, there is some legitimacy to the
claims that his fluorescent bunny does not serve much purpose. Although he tries
to validate his art by saying how it creates a dialogue between professionals
and the public on genetic engineering<sup>[1]</sup>, the work still borders on
being unethical since he did it just for the sake of art without much
consideration for the bunny’s well-being. Moreover, the idea was
not anything new since Japanese researchers did the same process for lab rats
several years earlier<sup>[1]</sup>. If anything, this work makes it seem
acceptable for the public to use transgenic art on other pets and animals. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<o:p><img alt="ALBA" src="http://potopov.com/blog/data/medias/references/kac-alba.jpg" height="161" width="320" /></o:p></div>
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<o:p>A picture of Eduardo Kac and his "GFP" bunny Alba</o:p><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[1]</span>. </div>
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<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
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Kac is
not the only offender of using genetic engineering to create controversy. Many
big corporations are putting genetically modified organisms in their crops,
which are starting to show its negative effects in recent years. In fact,
studies show that there are already 18 million Americans who suffer from gluten
insensitivity due to wheat hybridization and GMOs<sup>[2]</sup>. When greed and
selfishness enter into biology, the outcomes can be harmful to many people. The
well-being of others is not worth the cost of a genetically modified piece of
corn. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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<a href="https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/e7/81/7e/e7817e485bb69c56c7e7aa9274f50432.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" src="https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/e7/81/7e/e7817e485bb69c56c7e7aa9274f50432.jpg" /></a></div>
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<o:p>A cartoon illustrating the unnatural effects of GMOs in food</o:p><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[2]</span>.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
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Conversely,
there are those who are actually making a positive impact through bioart and bioengineering.
Artist Kathy High took retired lab breeder rats in an effort to make them feel
healthy again by playing with them, feeding them, and cleaning them<sup>[3][4]</sup>.
Her use of empathy for the rats makes her art seem much more altruistic
compared to that of Kac. This is the type of bioart that many artists should
aspire to: one that can be beneficial to someone or something.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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<img src="http://kathyhigh.com/pix/embracing2/10.jpg" height="200" width="133" /> <img src="http://kathyhigh.com/ppix/embracing/02.jpg" height="200" width="150" /> <img src="http://kathyhigh.com/ppix/embracing/10.jpg" height="200" width="133" /></div>
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<o:p>Photographs of the breeder rats (left and right) and the facility used to take care of them (center)</o:p><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[3]</span>.</div>
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<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
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Furthermore,
a positive display of bioengineering comes from Anthony Atala’s group that
grows human organs by using cells in the person’s body<sup>[5]</sup>. These
intricate structures are almost like art pieces because they are carefully
designed and crafted with technology. On the other hand, their work is also
helping and saving lives in the process. Overall, this group is using the power of
bioengineering to do some actual good in the world. The only controversial part about their studies is that there are not
enough of them around. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<o:p><img height="240" src="https://pi.tedcdn.com/r/pe.tedcdn.com/images/ted/143107_800x600.jpg?cb=05112016&quality=89&w=800" width="320" /></o:p></div>
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<o:p>A picture of a bladder structure being coated with cells</o:p><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">[4]</span>.</div>
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<br /></div>
<br />
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In order
to end controversy, one simple remedy might be to use bioart and
bioengineering in a way that can be helpful to either humans or nature. This is
the reason why the latter examples of High and Atala are surrounded with little
to no controversy. They are the artists and scientists who understand that life
in art and science must be done with a lot of care and consideration. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Sources:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
1. Vesna, Victoria. "Biotechnology Part 1." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram,
18 Sept. 2013. Web. 13 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PaThVnA1kyg>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
2. Sarich, Cristina. "18 Million Americans Suffer from GMO
and Gluten Intolerance." <i>Natural
Society</i>. Natural Society, 8 July 2014. Web. 13 July 2016. <http://naturalsociety.com/18-million-americans-suffer-gmo-gluten-intolerance/>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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3. High, Kathy. "Rat Care Manual." <i>Embracing Animal</i>. N.d. Web.
13 July 2016. <http://www.embracinganimal.com/ratcare.html>.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
4. Vesna, Victoria. "Biotechnology Part 3." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram, 17 May. 2012. Web. 13 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3EpD3np1S2g>.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
5. Atala, Anthony. "Anthony Atala: Growing New
Organs." TEDMED. <i>TED</i>. TEDMED, Oct. 2009. Web. 13 July 2016. <https://www.ted.com/talks/anthony_atala_growing_organs_engineering_tissue#t-6010>.</div>
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<br /></div>
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6. Pollan, Michael. "POV | Food, Inc. | Interview with
Michael Pollan | PBS." Interview. <i>YouTube</i>. PBS, 16 Apr. 2010. Web. 13 July
2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Ty0eehT8Y4>.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Images:</div>
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<br /></div>
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1. <i>Alba</i>. N.d. <i>Potopov</i>. By Potopov. 5 Nov. 2015. Web. 13 July
2016. <http://potopov.com/blog/index.php?tag/references>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
2. "Best to Avoid GMO's and Go Organic..." <i>Pinterest</i>.
Pinterest, n.d. Web. 13 July 2016. <https://www.pinterest.com/peace4meman/hell-no-gmos-and-all-that-other-nastiness/>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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3. <i>Embracing Animal</i>. N.d. <i>Kathy High</i>. By Kathy High. Web. 13
July 2016. <http://kathyhigh.com/project-embracing-animal.html>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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4. <i>Anthony Atala: Growing New Organs</i>. N.d. <i>TED</i>. By Anthony
Atala. TEDMED, Oct. 2009. Web. 13 July 2016. <https://www.ted.com/talks/anthony_atala_growing_organs_engineering_tissue#t-6010>.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-39312140168211653862016-07-11T20:42:00.000-07:002016-07-11T20:45:59.050-07:00Event 1: LACMA<div class="MsoNormal">
This
past week, I went to visit the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) for the
first time. I was expecting to see mostly traditional art. However, LACMA
surpassed my expectations by intertwining art and science together into one
cohesive medium. This museum seemed to be the epitome of the third culture recognized
by Snow in his essay <i>The Two Cultures: A Second Look</i> (1963)<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">1</span>.</div>
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While
there were many impressive pieces, the first one that stood out to me was <i>The Egg</i> (1963) in the featured gallery
by Agnes Martin. The piece is pretty self-explanatory since it is just a
drawing of an egg with lines cutting it horizontally. However, when looking at
the sketch she made beforehand, there seemed to have golden ratio within the
egg’s design. Possibly, it was my brain overreacting to what I have seen during
lecture. Nevertheless, my friend and I did try to guess and calculate to see if
my suspicions were true. Although it was
almost impossible to verify without a ruler, this work beautifully illustrated the
ideas of math and geometry behind art that are usually overlooked. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyX7-9L_Q0icPrzta87niC1JsWhRYPYDy-CWuhI6jpESB3ZRDDRS95fB_8g46mIhhOalvWltzsrT9dcmwLqX97TjocMmwpaJSZqHF7NorIvGsuM_6-HTO9m2KcfawTaDjYKPkBQE6fRtlL/s1600/IMG_0924.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyX7-9L_Q0icPrzta87niC1JsWhRYPYDy-CWuhI6jpESB3ZRDDRS95fB_8g46mIhhOalvWltzsrT9dcmwLqX97TjocMmwpaJSZqHF7NorIvGsuM_6-HTO9m2KcfawTaDjYKPkBQE6fRtlL/s320/IMG_0924.JPG" width="240" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhxJJlTsm2yGgc07kUa_GZnlB2rpgfm-IqfrNLZ2kOF1KmHV0NNwklIWnAQ9pPX9mAfo3_sfOaS_975WhmO9WpLwosChWqmQ0yKFiHkNLnLj89H-MubmJz4i08BvxpxzMNf0sPCTVaDeoN/s1600/IMG_0928.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhxJJlTsm2yGgc07kUa_GZnlB2rpgfm-IqfrNLZ2kOF1KmHV0NNwklIWnAQ9pPX9mAfo3_sfOaS_975WhmO9WpLwosChWqmQ0yKFiHkNLnLj89H-MubmJz4i08BvxpxzMNf0sPCTVaDeoN/s320/IMG_0928.JPG" width="240" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
Images of the sketch (left) and the final draft (right) for <i>The Egg</i> by Agnes Martin<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">1</span>.</div>
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Another
remarkable work that I came across was <i>Metropolis
II</i> (2011) by Chris Burden. The huge display of toy cars and buses swirling
around this model city brought me back to my own childhood when I used to play
with <i>Hot Wheels</i>. Moreover, though, it
was reminiscent to Flippo Marinetti’s <i>Futurist
Manifesto</i>, which talked about speed and acceleration being products of
beauty<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">2</span>. The motion of the cars and buses mixed with the motorized sounds was
chaotic, yet at the same time, it was mesmerizing to watch. Every angle and glance
brought something different and new. By implementing technology such as DC
motors and magnets, this work really captured the essence of a city lifestyle.<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dymXoyJNy-mDAtzsZJpVu9wUf9QrJ85S4_6w9CJrjpNnZ7C9qmO44mK6AxPf3L-T58SQN--p2jxCCjecX1ZVw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimXxlVbLN8Yucrgap2fwTf6L6uj3uoUpmOYnmA3zmBy5zofU-Y8jaqIbMcTtwPAfGb-BAfv5Dk_pBXKs2tM_845xfD4dh7uaGcngFXEElmrkvFzsRL_jQaRpUhGFO5kO6wzbqyEzHezVtC/s1600/IMG_0943.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimXxlVbLN8Yucrgap2fwTf6L6uj3uoUpmOYnmA3zmBy5zofU-Y8jaqIbMcTtwPAfGb-BAfv5Dk_pBXKs2tM_845xfD4dh7uaGcngFXEElmrkvFzsRL_jQaRpUhGFO5kO6wzbqyEzHezVtC/s320/IMG_0943.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
A video of Chris Burden's <i>Metropolis II</i> is on the left, while a picture of me next to the exhibit is on the right<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">2</span>.</div>
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The
final artwork to be discussed was Michael Eden’s <i>Innovo Vase</i> (2016). This one was interesting in the fact that it
not only blended art and science together, but it also combined traditional and
contemporary art as well. Basically, Eden’s design was based on the <i>Stowe Vase</i> that had been reconstructed
in 1774. However, instead of copying the vase completely, Eden used 3D
printing to etch the illustrations from the older version. Thus, he reinvented
how the vase looked using modern technology. It reminded me of the lectures on
robotics and industrialism in art. Unlike Walter Benjamin’s views of technology
destroying the art’s “aura”<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">3</span>, though, this work has its own unique personality
by being a culmination of traditional art forms and recent technological
innovations.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtN6BiBxVKTAXmjb-7Yw2hU52xadaZsCifbmyVpoxe-4doG6SuFRDD3T8YSP-Lg6xkzJcfQOSo-muLA1I00z9AIRMCmIBp7CeSVBuuVo5qfvA_q0pwJ8YjYM9zsZP6pZ1gkb9k8rnJsft2/s1600/IMG_0955.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtN6BiBxVKTAXmjb-7Yw2hU52xadaZsCifbmyVpoxe-4doG6SuFRDD3T8YSP-Lg6xkzJcfQOSo-muLA1I00z9AIRMCmIBp7CeSVBuuVo5qfvA_q0pwJ8YjYM9zsZP6pZ1gkb9k8rnJsft2/s320/IMG_0955.JPG" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEqEccbSjRpjTjCFxQRd6thu3IylGUHAOeisoUGKEBifL5aeCDpwkKa1-nFx97CU85pFic1XIydaajrczYhISnM3oIwLsIZdyJKIjo82VUrxJALqOfXf8o3lf6TpXSB5nyP9kgyTaAaJOf/s1600/IMG_0957.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEqEccbSjRpjTjCFxQRd6thu3IylGUHAOeisoUGKEBifL5aeCDpwkKa1-nFx97CU85pFic1XIydaajrczYhISnM3oIwLsIZdyJKIjo82VUrxJALqOfXf8o3lf6TpXSB5nyP9kgyTaAaJOf/s320/IMG_0957.JPG" width="200" /></a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieI828BTBq43ElnRH7cPHG2jywdTWwJyOPCNKSobB-1nvUFR11LaJqFugWwHpiB-9ld39CAsQutKvUdQ-jr4o62qP7dQgWy_E1HiW-3PG1gQT69MH0h39W0IKpU7SpOqmbq9vRblRyh4hv/s1600/IMG_0951.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieI828BTBq43ElnRH7cPHG2jywdTWwJyOPCNKSobB-1nvUFR11LaJqFugWwHpiB-9ld39CAsQutKvUdQ-jr4o62qP7dQgWy_E1HiW-3PG1gQT69MH0h39W0IKpU7SpOqmbq9vRblRyh4hv/s200/IMG_0951.JPG" width="200" /></a> <img height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlw_sTLP8S0DLrTe-Cqbhv-6pU0kd1UEGjr6kvkjuiceQLhjf9GenRxJG726bOqdB-kO9X4qB8KBpyO9C11QOmXxFbuC_ghlIs4mJV_uc4NoLfWNSXB4OD7ATI3M2PcNH4s_rcCwJ5uPn7/s200/IMG_0954.JPG" width="200" /></div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
These are photographs showing the <i>Innovo Vase </i>(top left)<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">3</span> and the <i>Stowe Vase</i> (top right)<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: super;">4</span>. The bottom images showcase some of the process for creating the <i>Innovo Vase.</i></div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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Looking
back, this course seemed to enhance my experience at LACMA. It was really neat
to physically see how science and math is being used to break new ground for
art. It also allowed me to notice how the gap between art and science is diminishing
drastically as the years go by. Overall, I was able to make connections to the art that I
would have never made prior to taking this class. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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Sources:<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
1. Vesna, Victoria. “Toward a Third
Culture: Being in Between.” <i>Leonardo</i>
34.2 (2001): 121-25. Web. 11 July 2016.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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2. Vesna, Victoria. "Robotics Part 1." YouTube. uconlineprogram,
15 Apr. 2012. Web. 11 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cRw9_v6w0ew>.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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3. Benjamin, Walter. The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical
Reproduction. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br />
Artwork:<br />
<br />
1. Martin, Agnes. <i>The Egg</i>. 1963. The Elkon Gallery, LACMA, Los Angeles.<br />
<br />
2. Burden, Chris. <i>Metropolis II</i>. 2011. The Nicolas Berggruen Charitable Foundation, LACMA, Los Angeles.<br />
<br />
3. Eden, Michael. <i>Innovo Vase</i>. 2016. LACMA, Los Angeles. <br />
<br />
4. <i>Stowe Vase</i>. 1774. William Randolph Hearst Collection, LACMA, Los Angeles. <br />
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<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-13168108958136359232016-07-10T12:53:00.000-07:002016-07-10T12:53:26.451-07:00Midterm Project: Caregiver Bracelet<div style="text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0" height="299" mozallowfullscreen="true" src="https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/13aaBIRM5olhz6iX6ZRFsx0WSW0ieAWrc6x9zbNBNmtU/embed?start=false&loop=false&delayms=3000" webkitallowfullscreen="true" width="480"></iframe></div>
Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-31119028991747339702016-07-02T21:38:00.001-07:002016-07-02T23:42:54.224-07:00Week 2: MedTech + Art<div class="MsoNormal">
When
mixed with medical technology, art seems to have a much more personal effect
with the body and self. A person looking at an abstract painting may feel some
connection to the shapes and lines being shown. However, the experience is substantially
different when the art is affecting a person physically. <o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img height="226" src="https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/15/74/e5/1574e560460d025f76bd8737f38d435d.jpg" width="300" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The inside of a head from one of the Body World exhibits (4).</div>
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In my
own personal experience, I saw the exhibition of Body Worlds when it came to
the Bay Area several years ago. The art was surreal since the gallery was using
actual bodies through plastination. Even though it was not necessarily me
surrounded by glass and watchful eyes, it made me reflect on my own body and
what my internal self really looks like. In many ways, it was similar to
Casini’s idea of looking into a mirror. Although he was talking about MRIs, the
same concept can be applied here. In my mind, I was taking that image of the
person and seeing my own self in that body. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Q_8ZEW2CGKo" width="560"></iframe>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
The process of the plastination technique used for the Body Worlds exhibit (1).</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This
idea of the self in association to medical technology and art also explains why
many people hid their faces during Orlan’s live surgeries during the 1990’s. A
woman in the documentary comments on how the audience reacted with horror to
the performance even though they see and hear about so much violence on
television. The experience is different, though, because many people are
imagining themselves in Orlan’s situation and reacting to her face being sliced
open. This phenomena is typically known as pain empathy (3), and the
effects can be found in many recent movies such as <i>127 Hours</i> (5). Most likely, this feeling is found in art with
medical technology due to the fact that the body is a commonly used medium in
this art form.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="http://oldsite.english.ucsb.edu/faculty/ecook/courses/eng114em/orlanskin.JPG" height="211" width="320" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
This is a photograph of Orlan during one of her live surgeries (3).</div>
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
By
bringing this type of self-reflection into art, medical technology can also be
beneficial to a person. Diane Gromala uses virtual reality to treat pain by
having the environments react to a person’s responses, while Virgil
Wong creates apps to show one’s digital persona in the future in order to curb
bad habits. In both cases, people are changing themselves for the better
based on a visual stimulus. These technologies are again acting like mirrors
for the users with the stimuli representing the people themselves. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<img src="http://virgilwong.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/conditions-female.png" height="255" width="400" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
Virgil Wong is creating a digital persona to show a person's age based on health characteristics (2).<br />
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Through these observations, medical
technology appears to be bringing the art world closer to one’s own identity.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Sources:</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">1. </span>Casini, Silvia. <i>Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as MIrror and Portrait: MRI Configurations between Science and the Arts</i>. N.p.: Johns Hopkins UP and the Society for Literature and Science, 2011. Print.<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">2. </span>Gromala, Diane. "TEDxAmericanRiviera - Diane Gromala -
Curative Powers of Wet, Raw Beauty." TEDxAmericanRiviera. <i>YouTube</i>. TEDx
Talks, 7 Dec. 2011. Web. 1 July 2016.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">3. </span>Inglis-Arkell, Esther. "This Is How You Literally Feel Other People's Pain." <i>io9</i>. Gizmodo, 11 July 2014. Web. 2 July 2016. <http://io9.gizmodo.com/this-is-how-you-literally-feel-other-peoples-pain-1603076553>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"></span><br />
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">4. </span><i>Orlan - Carnal Art (2001)</i>. Dir. Stephan Oriach. Perf. Orlan. <i>YouTube</i>. Myriapodus Films, 13 Mar. 2011. Web. 1 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=no_66MGu0Oo>.<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
5. Rossen, Jake. "7 Movies That Sent People Running Out of
Theaters." <i>Mental Floss</i>. Mental Floss Inc., 2 Oct. 2015. Web. 2 July 2016.
<http://mentalfloss.com/article/69377/7-movies-sent-people-running-out-theaters>.<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">6. </span><i>TEDxAmericanRiviera - Diane Gromala - Curative Powers of
Wet, Raw Beauty</i>. Perf. Diane Gromala. YouTube. TEDx Talks, 7 Dec. 2011. Web. 1
July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cRdarMz--Pw>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">7. </span>Vesna, Victoria. "Medicine Part 1." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram,
21 Apr. 2012. Web. 1 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ep0M2bOM9Tk>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span>
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">8. </span>Vesna, Victoria. "Medicine Part 3." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram,
22 Apr. 2012. Web. 1 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIX-9mXd3Y4>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
9. <i>Virgil</i>. Virgil Wong, n.d. Web. 2 July 2016. < http://virgilwong.com/>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span>
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Images/Videos:</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
1.<i> BODY WORLDS - The Plastination Technique</i>. <i>YouTube</i>. Body
Worlds, 27 Aug. 2013. Web. 2 July 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_8ZEW2CGKo>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
2. Digital image. <i>Virgil</i>. Virgil Wong, n.d. Web. 2 July 2016. <http://virgilwong.com/research/>.<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
3. N.d. <i>English 114EM: Women Writers, 1650-1760</i>. By Denee
Pescarmona. 2003. Web. 2 July 2016.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<http://oldsite.english.ucsb.edu/faculty/ecook/courses/eng114em/surgeries.htm>.<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
4. N.d. <i>Pinterest</i>. Pinterest. Web. 2 July 2016. <https://www.pinterest.com/valeanette/gunther-von-hagensbody-worlds/>.</div>
</div>
Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-29742420398115094472016-06-30T23:04:00.000-07:002016-06-30T23:09:10.651-07:00Week 2: Robotics + Art<div class="MsoNormal">
It
cannot be argued that industrialization has changed the way that art is viewed
and formed. From computers to robots, the way art is viewed today is not like
how it was viewed a hundred, fifty, or even ten years ago. However, there are
those such as Walter Benjamin who believe that art is losing its so-called
“aura”, tradition, and uniqueness from these new advances (1). Although mass
production has caused the traditional aspect to decline somewhat, it does not
mean that this new age of art has loss anything special. Instead, it is just
evolving like everything else in life.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://img06.deviantart.net/eff3/i/2010/279/c/8/traditional_art_vs_digital_art_by_chukadrawer-d308611.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://img06.deviantart.net/eff3/i/2010/279/c/8/traditional_art_vs_digital_art_by_chukadrawer-d308611.jpg" height="191" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The changing paradigm of art from traditional to digital (1).</div>
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Film is
one way in which art has evolved. Duhamel has criticized movies as “a spectacle
which requires no concentration and presupposes no intelligence” (1), but
he seems to forget one critical element of art: emotion. Art may want people to
think; however, it really wants them to feel as well. There are even studies
from functional MRIs that show art eliciting emotions (2). Whether it be
through thought or emotion, art is supposed to be something impressionable that
people can take with them. Films do that in their very own way.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<img src="http://media2.s-nbcnews.com/i/streams/2014/October/141031/1D274907118722-today-movie-cry-141031.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
Films can elicit emotions similar to that of traditional art (2). </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"> A great example that mixes the
concepts of emotion, art, robotics, and film together is Disney’s </span><i style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Big Hero 6</i><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"> (2015). It has both a
touching story along with an innovative robot design found in Baymax. In fact,
people working on the movie mainly based Baymax’s design on a developing technology
called soft robotics at Carnegie Mellon University (4). By showing these
new technologies through animation, this film is bringing robots and art even
closer together. Much akin to Professor Kusahara’s description of a friendly
humanoid robot, Baymax also shows a positive side to robots that is typically
found in Japanese culture. In many respects, this viewpoint is displaying the
pros of industrialization and robotics rather than the cons found in earlier
movies like Fritz Lang’s </span><i style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Metropolis</i><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
(1927). Despite what critics say, </span><i style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Big
Hero</i><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"> </span><i style="text-indent: 0.5in;">6</i><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"> is art by captivating the
audience’s hearts with the story and their imaginations with the robots.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0px;">
<img height="213" src="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/s--KUltcKFp--/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_636/ro6dg95qp3ovom4l2l6i.jpg" width="320" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Baymax from <i>Big Hero 6 </i>was inspired by actual robot designs and concepts (3).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"> Even though art is evolving, it is not
replacing traditional art entirely. To this day, many people “still bid wildly
at auctions and employ armies of scholars to find the ‘original’,” (3). Art tends to utilize computer-generated animations or robots nowadays, but it is still considered art as long as it can convey meaning to the audience. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">Sources:</span><br />
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">1. </span>Benjamin, Walter. <i>The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical
Reproduction</i>. N.p.: n.p., 1936 Print.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span>
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">2. </span>Clark, Josh. "Why Do Music and Art Move Us?" How
Stuff Works. InfoSpace LLC, 13 Sept. 2010. Web. 30 June 2016. <http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/music-and-art-move-us1.htm>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">3. </span>Davis, Douglas. “The Work of Art in the Age of Digital
Reproduction (An Evolving Thesis: 1991-1995).” <i>Leonardo</i> 28.5 (1995): 381-386. Web. 29 June 2016.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">4. </span>Davis, Lauren. "How Disney Will Make You Cry Again With
Big Hero 6." <i>io9</i>. Gizmodo, 3 Sept. 2014. Web. 29 June 2016. <http://io9.gizmodo.com/how-disney-will-make-you-cry-again-with-big-hero-6-1630115219>.<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">5. </span>Kusahara, Machiko. "Robotics Machiko Kusahara 1."
<i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram, 14 Apr. 2012. Web. 29 June 2016. < https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xQZ_sy-mdEU>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span>
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">6. </span>Vesna, Victoria. "Robotics Part 2." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram,
15 Apr. 2012. Web. 29 June 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAZ8bo9T_Pk>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">Images:</span><br />
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">1. </span>Kevin. <i>Traditional-art vs Digital-art</i>. Digital image.
<i>Deviant Art</i>. Deviant Art, n.d. Web. 30 June 2016. < http://chukadrawer.deviantart.com/art/traditional-art-vs-digital-art-181779589>.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">2. </span>N.d. <i>Today</i>. By A. Pawlowski. NBC News, 2 Nov. 2014. Web. 30
June 2016. <http://www.today.com/health/your-brain-movies-why-films-make-us-cry-flinch-cheer-1D80258284><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">3. </span>Walker, Alissa. Robots that Inspired Big Hero 6. Digital image. <i>Gizmodo</i>. Gizmodo, 6 Nov. 2014. Web. 30 June 2016. <http://gizmodo.com/8-real-life-robots-that-inspired-big-hero-6-1643663925>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-76704834471718252752016-06-26T20:33:00.000-07:002016-06-26T22:22:47.660-07:00Week 1: Math + Art<div class="MsoNormal">
Although science is largely based off of mathematics, art is typically
not associated with math in the same way. However, as this week has shown, math
and art are much more connected than I had previously thought.<br />
<br />
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"> Take the golden ratio for example.
This mathematical concept has played a major role in architectural achievements
such as the Parthenon and the pyramids of Giza. Moreover, it can be found in
nature. Most notable examples include shells or plants, but it can also be seen
in the small structures of DNA and in the vast spiral galaxies of the universe.
With the discovery of this ratio, artists had the ability to use this harmony
found from nature and math in their own works.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<o:p> </o:p><img src="http://memolition.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/examples-of-the-golden-ratio-you-can-find-in-nature-26434.jpg" height="132" width="400" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<o:p>These are a few natural examples that illustrate the golden ratio. </o:p><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
(http://memolition.com/2014/07/17/examples-of-the-golden-ratio-you-can-find-in-nature/)<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<o:p>
</o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Often times, math helps to shape the way
artists perceive their world. For instance, before al-Haytham’s <i>Book of Optics</i>,
art was drawn flat without much depth. However, the introduction of the
vanishing point caused a new renaissance of art being more realistic,
three-dimensional, and detailed. Leonardo’s Da Vinci’s <i>The Last Supper</i> illustrates
this point by making the painting feel lifelike. The use of vanishing point
enhances the focus of Jesus at the center. <i>The Last Supper</i> is also an important
piece for its use of golden ratio, creating the natural harmony as noted
earlier. It is iconic as it is fundamental in showing how natural elements and
mathematics can be used to improve what the artist wants to convey.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img height="140" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-CuQ_8Ud4gpg/TzuslXt8ePI/AAAAAAAAALE/CHPe0AFKKA8/s200/Leonardo_DaVinci_LastSupper_Single_Point_Perspective.jpg" width="259" /> <img alt="Da Vinci Last Supper showing golden ratio or phi proportions" src="http://www.goldennumber.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/last-supper-phi-golden-ratio.gif" height="140" width="200" /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
Da Vinci's <i>The Last Supper</i> uses both the golden ratio and the vanishing point.<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
(http://www.artmumble.com/2012/02/single-vanishing-point-in-leonardo-da.html, http://www.goldennumber.net/art-composition-design/)</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Beyond 2D and 3D perspective, math has also helped to
explain the fourth dimension. As Abbott’s Flatlands shows, the fourth dimension
can be argued by “the Argument of Analogy of Figures”. Even if it cannot be
seen in the real world, it can be imagined in a metaphysical one. This idea
would eventually find a scientific answer in Einsteinian relativity to create
“four-dimensional images of an intricacy and accuracy never dreamed of”
(Henderson), but this by no means made the artists’ contribution insignificant.
Just the thought of the fourth dimension helped to shape new forms of art like
cubism.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
</div>
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<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<o:p><img height="200" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/8-cell.gif" width="200" /></o:p></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<o:p>An example of what the fourth dimension looks like using computers. </o:p><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesseract)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
Alone, math is just a set of numbers and calculations.
However, it has become an essential tool for the arts and the sciences. Without
it, art and science would be stagnate and unchanging. In the end, I realize
that math improves these two disciplines to constantly reach new heights by
finding hidden meanings within the world. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
Sources:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: -48px;">Abbott, Edwin A. </span><i style="text-indent: -48px;">Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions</i><span style="text-indent: -48px;">. 1884. Print.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .65in; text-indent: -.5in;">
Da Vinci, Leonardo. <i>The Last Supper</i>. 1495-1498. <i>ArtMumble.com</i>. 13 Mar. 2012. Painting. 25 June 2016. <span style="text-indent: -0.5in;"><http://www.artmumble.com/2012/02/single-vanishing-point-in-leonardo-da.html>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .65in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="text-indent: -48px;">"Examples of the Golden Ratio You Can Find in Nature." </span><i style="text-indent: -48px;">Memolition</i><span style="text-indent: -48px;">. 2014. Web. 25 June 2016. <http://memolition.com/2014/07/17/examples-of-the-golden-ratio-you-can-find-in-nature/>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
Frantz, Marc.
<i>Lesson 3: Vanishing Points and Looking at Art</i>. 2000. Print.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
Henderson, Lynda. “The Fourth Dimension and Non-Euclidean Geometry in Modern Art.” <i>Leonardo </i> 17.3 (1984): 205-210. Web. 25 June 2016.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="text-indent: 0px;">Meisner, Gary. "Golden Ratio in Art Composition and Design." </span><i style="text-indent: 0px;">Phi 1.618: The Golden Number</i><span style="text-indent: 0px;">. 4 May 2014. Web. 24 June 2016. < http://www.goldennumber.net/art-composition-design/>. </span><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="text-indent: 0px;"><span style="text-indent: -48px;">Tesseract. Digital image. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Web. 26 June 2016. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesseract>.</span></span><br />
<span style="text-indent: 0px;"><span style="text-indent: -48px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="text-indent: 0px;">Vesna, Victoria. "Mathematics: Zero, Perspective, Golden Mean." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram. Lecture. 24 June 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mMmq5B1LKDg></span></div>
</div>
</div>
Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7341467659193248340.post-69432203699676076462016-06-24T17:20:00.002-07:002016-06-26T22:49:32.434-07:00Week 1: Two Cultures<div class="MsoNormal">
According
to C.P. Snow in his lecture <i>The Two
Cultures and the Scientific Revolution</i>, there exists two different groups:
the literary intellectuals and the scientists. As C.P. Snow puts it, the reason
for this divide is caused by “mutual incomprehension – sometimes (particularly
among the young) hostility and dislike, but most of all lack of understanding”.
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt=""The Two Cultures" - Science & The Arts" height="172" src="https://storyality.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/the-two-cultures-science-the-arts.png?w=450&h=241" width="320" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
An illustration
showing the two cultures mentioned by Snow. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
(https://storyality.wordpress.com/2012/12/11/storyality-14b-creativity-the-missing-link-between-the-two-cultures/)<u><span style="color: #0563c1; mso-themecolor: hyperlink;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
As an
electrical engineering major, I do notice the gap between those who partake in
the arts rather than those who study the sciences. For instance, the UCLA
campus is structured in a way that places the arts and humanities in the North
and the sciences and engineering in the South. Other than my GEs, communication
with the other “culture” is sparse. This divide is further fueled by the fact
that there is a drastic contrast in architectural design between the two parts
of campus.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<o:p></o:p><a href="https://cdn3.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/-FfeCgmL0fS03ZQ5TnfXTQW8-VE=/0x85:2039x1444/1310x873/cdn0.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/31867031/south_campus_shot.0.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="145" src="https://cdn3.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/-FfeCgmL0fS03ZQ5TnfXTQW8-VE=/0x85:2039x1444/1310x873/cdn0.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/31867031/south_campus_shot.0.jpg" width="218" /></a> <img src="http://p5.img.cctvpic.com/20110704/images/1309743796232_1309743796232_r.jpg" height="145" width="200" /></div>
</div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
South campus is shown
on the left, while north campus is on the right. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
(http://www.bruinsnation.com/2014/4/20/5631762/ucla-campus-report-size-isnt-everything-when-it-comes-to-biosensors,
http://english.cntv.cn/20110704/104639_1.shtml)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
However,
I see the two cultures as being something that is perpetuated by the ways of
old. There have been many new ideas and innovations since Snow’s lecture in
1959 and UCLA’s opening of its Westwood campus in 1929. Nowadays, the two
intellectual groups are merging into the “third culture” as Snow had predicted
in his book <i>The Two Cultures: A Second
Look</i>. One example in my major is a microcontroller called <i>Lilypad</i>. This microcontroller not only
resembles a flower, but it also uses conductive thread instead of wires,
allowing the creation of new wearable and artistic products. This is just one
of many examples showing how engineering and design are already intertwined. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="dsc02958_2.jpg" src="http://clemenswinkler.com/skin/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/dsc02958_2.jpg" height="150" width="200" /> <img alt="etrace" height="148" src="https://blog.arduino.cc/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/etrace.jpg" width="200" /></div>
</div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
The Lilypad fuses
together engineering with design.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
(http://clemenswinkler.com/skin/?tag=arduino-lillypad,
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
https://blog.arduino.cc/2014/11/05/e-traces-creates-visual-sensations-from-ballerinas/#more-10470)<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
Personally, I am interested in
electrical engineering involved with biotechnology such as electronic
prosthetics. These prosthetic body parts are another great example illustrating
the emergence of a third culture. Even though the technical components to these
products are important, the design and look are also necessary for the
consumer’s self-confidence and overall interest. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://asia.nikkei.com/var/site_cache/storage/images/node_43/node_51/2015/201510/20151008/20151008_arm1/3437399-1-eng-GB/20151008_Arm1_article_main_image.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" src="http://asia.nikkei.com/var/site_cache/storage/images/node_43/node_51/2015/201510/20151008/20151008_arm1/3437399-1-eng-GB/20151008_Arm1_article_main_image.jpg" height="217" width="320" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
Japanese engineers
from exiii try to create cool and affordable prosthetic arms. (http://asia.nikkei.com/Tech-Science/Tech/Japanese-start-up-revolutionizing-electronic-prosthetic-arms)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Like
Vesna, I do not entirely agree with Brockman’s claim that scientists “are
taking the place of the traditional intellectual”. Instead, with greater
technological advancements, the roles of the two cultures are being redefined.
The scientist may come up with the initial innovation, but the artists are the
ones making the product marketable for the consumers. Thus, the relationship
between science and arts is becoming more symbiotic than ever before. Although
the divide still persists at places such as UCLA, I believe that upcoming
generations will continue to bridge this gap of misunderstanding.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="text-align: center;">Sources:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .65in; text-indent: -.5in;">
Achilles.
<i>South Campus</i>. <i>SB Nation</i>. Vox Media, 20 Apr. 2014. Photograph. 23 June 2016. <http://www.bruinsnation.com/2014/4/20/5631762/ucla-campus-report-size-isnt-everything-when-it-comes-to-biosensors>.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .65in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<i>Arduino</i>.
By Zoe Romano. Arduino, 5 Nov. 2014. Photograph. 23 June 2016.<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="text-indent: -0.5in;"> <https://blog.arduino.cc/2014/11/05/e-traces-creates-visual-sensations-from-ballerinas/#more- 10470></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .65in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<span style="text-indent: -48px;">Brockman, John. "The Third Culture." Edge. Edge Foundation, 1991. Web. 23 June 2016. <https://www.edge.org/conversation/the-emerging>.</span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .65in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<i>CCTV</i>.
CCTV, 4 July 2011. Photograph. 23 June 2016 <http://english.cntv.cn/20110704/104639_1.shtml><o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<i>Clemens Winkler</i>. By Clemens Winkler. 28 Feb. 2008. Photograph. 23 June 2016.<br />
<http://clemenswinkler.com/skin/?tag=arduino-lillypad><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 121.5pt; text-indent: -.5in;">
Graham-Rowe,
Duncan. "John Brockman: Matchmaking with Art and Science." Wired. 3
Feb. 2011. Web. 23 June 2016. <
http://www.wired.co.uk/article/matchmaking-with-science-and-art>.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
"History." UCLA. Web. 23 June 2016. <http://www.ucla.edu/about/history><br />
<br />
Nikkei Asian Review. By Masahiro Kamijo. Nikkei Inc., 13 Oct. 2015. Photograph. 23 June 2016. <http://asia.nikkei.com/Tech-Science/Tech/Japanese-start-up-revolutionizing-electronic- prosthetic-arms><br />
<br />
Snow, Charles P. <i>The Two Cultures and the Scientific Revolution</i>. New York: Cambridge UP, 1959. Print.<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .65in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<i>StoryAlity</i>.
By JT Velikovsky. 11 Dec. 2012. Photograph. 23 June 2016. <https://storyality.wordpress.com/2012/12/11/storyality-14b-creativity-the-missing-link-between-the-two-cultures/><o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
Vesna, Victoria.
"Two Cultures: Part 1." <i>YouTube</i>. uconlineprogram. Web.
23 June 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VNI7dF3DIAM>.<br />
<br /></div>
<span style="text-indent: -48px;">Vesna, Victoria. "Two Cultures: Part 3." </span><i style="text-indent: -48px;">YouTube. </i><span style="text-indent: -48px;">uconlineprogram. Web. 23 June 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4FOEuxrwxd0>.</span><br />
<span style="text-indent: -48px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
Vesna, Victoria.
“Toward a Third Culture: Being in Between.” <i>Leonardo</i>
34.2 (2001): 121-25. Web. 23 June 2016.</div>
<br />Eric Sato http://www.blogger.com/profile/11484719774903791742noreply@blogger.com0